How Much Should You Invest for Retirement?
/When it comes to investing, we all have to start somewhere. It can be easy to look for a set number or percentage of income to invest and stick with it. While that may be the simple approach, I believe more needs to be considered when choosing an amount to invest continually. With that being said, this should not be so complicated; it takes forever to figure out. While investing will look different for everyone, there are some helpful guidelines to establish what investing should look like for you.
The Importance of Investing
We must first establish why you should invest in the first place before diving into how to invest. Investing gives you the advantage of putting your money into a vehicle designed to grow wealth. This is the classic case of risk vs reward. You could leave your money in a savings account but will get minimal growth, if any. The alternative is investing some of that money into the stock market strategically to take advantage of a multiple percentage return.
When investing, it is crucial to know your goals with that money. This could be anything from saving for vacation to retirement planning and anything in between. Knowing what you are investing for is one piece of the puzzle. The second piece to consider is the timeline of your investment. If you are investing money that you plan to use for a vacation six months from now, your strategy will look significantly different than the money you invest towards your retirement, which is 20 years away. The final consideration is the risk you are comfortable taking with your investment. The timeline plays a role in this, but a personal component needs to be considered and talked through with a financial advisor.
How Much To Invest
When it comes to establishing the amount you are investing, it again depends on multiple factors. You must take into consideration the end goal as well as your own capacity to invest. The overarching recommendation is to invest 15%-25% of your income toward retirement. While this can be a helpful target to shoot for, this amount could be too little with the end goal. Instead of picking an arbitrary amount, I suggest doing a retirement expense inventory. Doing this will allow you to get a goal that is tailored to your cost of living and retirement expectations. This takes into account life expectancy, healthcare costs, and expected retirement lifestyle. From here, you can reverse solve to find a proper investment target using a compound interest calculator. Keep in mind that this target is going to move on you throughout your life. What makes sense at 30 years old will be different at 40 years old because you’ve gained more clarity on the components used to establish your target.
As great as it would be for everyone to understand their retirement expenses, it can often be challenging to project. What about someone with significant student loans who can't swing 15% of their income to retirement? This is where capacity comes into play. The above scenario is the goal, but it may not be feasible for your current financial situation. If that describes you, then the mentality you should have is to start small but start now. You will be better off by investing a little bit each month and building the habit of investing, as opposed to waiting until your circumstances are perfect to start. I recommend you find an amount that works with your budget and commit to investing that amount for a year. By doing this, you have built the habit of investing and allowed your money to start working through compounding interest.
Where to Invest
Now that you have established your goals and an amount of money to invest, you can consider what investment vehicle you want to use. If this is new territory for you, read my article “The Order of Operations for Retirement Savings.” This can give you a baseline of where to begin with investing.
All the pieces we have discussed up to this point will influence the strategy you choose for investing. At the end of the day, diversification is one of the most essential components of retirement investing. You’ve heard the phrase, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket,” which holds true when investing. The stock market is volatile and should be approached with a well-thought-out strategy. Diversify your investment across multiple asset classes such as stocks, bonds, real estate, etc. This will help you have a robust strategy when the market is up and protect you from downsides when the market is down.
Adjust and Review
I’ve mentioned it once, but it deserves to be revisited. The amount you contribute to retirement savings will be a moving target. It will change as you get closer to retirement, have income fluctuations, and gain clarity on your financial goals. This change is not something to shy away from. It creates the opportunity to revisit this topic regularly. If you work with a financial advisor, this conversation should be part of a standard cadence between you and them. Having a plan is important, but understanding how that plan should flex over time is equally important.
Keep in mind that these are general guidelines around investing toward retirement. As I mentioned, everybody has a different situation and should consult a financial advisor to help consider all factors of your financial picture. If I can leave you with any piece of advice, it is that the best time to start investing was yesterday. The second best time is today.
References
https://www.investor.gov/financial-tools-calculators/calculators/compound-interest-calculator
https://smartasset.com/investing/how-much-money-to-invest-in-stocks-per-paycheck
Fiduciary Financial Advisors, LLC is a registered investment adviser and does not give legal or tax advice. The information presented is for educational purposes only and does not intend to make an offer or solicitation for the sale or purchase of any securities. The information contained herein has been obtained from a third-party source which is believed to be reliable but is subject to correction for error. Investments involve risk and are not guaranteed. Past performance is not a guarantee or representation of future results.